Object-Oriented Programming for Secure and Scalable Web Application Development: A Narrative Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70882/jorcaps.2026.1.1.6Keywords:
Object-Oriented Programming, Web Application Security and Scalability, SOLID Principles, Microservices, Cloud-native architectureAbstract
Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) is widely promoted as a foundation for building secure and scalable web applications, yet its role is often discussed in isolation from modern cloud-native architectural patterns. This paper presents a narrative review of how OOP principles, SOLID design guidelines, and related design patterns have been applied to address security and scalability in web application development. We conducted a narrative review of peer-reviewed articles, conference papers, books, and industry publications focusing on OOP, web security (including OWASP guidelines), and scalability patterns such as microservices, API gateways, and event-driven architectures. The synthesis identified three main themes: (1) the alignment of OOP’s encapsulation and interface-based design with security control placement (2) the support of OOP modularity for microservices decomposition and horizontal scaling and (3) persistent gaps in empirical evaluation of OOP-based secure and scalable architectures. The review highlights practical guidelines for integrating OOP with cloud-native patterns and outlines directions for future research, including more rigorous empirical studies and domain-specific evaluations.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Sunday C. Agu, Augustina M. Ukeje-Okori (Author)
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